bolt pullout

[ukengineer58]

hi in dealing with pull out of bolts with anchor plates on top of a wall wheras normally you would work out a shear stress on a perimeter (in uk it is 1.5d). how do you deal with the fact that you dont have 1.5d. i know most here are usa based so after general principles. there is a free edge in all directions at the normal peteimeter

 

[Ron]

It depends on whether your bolts are cast in place or post-installed such as epoxy or expansion bolts. Free edge proximity can have a significant effect on pullout resistance if the failure cone intersects the free edge. Pullout capacity factors vary from about 65% to 100% depending on depth, diameter of bolt, and edge distance (and bolt manufacturer). Shear factors vary even more, from about 25% to 100%.