I've never seen any used. Never used any in any fence posts I've installed.
Fence failure is usually from a slump in the land (the dirt moves, dragging the fence with it) or a failure of the concrete to hold the load (the fence forces the post and its concrete to move through the dirt because the post and concrete were too shallow and too small a weight/too narrow a diameter to withstand the sideways pressure of the load.
I assume somewhere rebar has been used, but I've never seen it. (Think about cover depth for the rebar needed to avoid rust underground, and compare that to the diameter of the concrete around the average post. How are you going to get cover depth plus rebar plus rebar-to-post distance to develop the rebar strength? Wouldn't you see the "post" working directly as a "over-sized" rebar member to prevent the concrete from cracking under its bending moment?