I worked on the Shuttle program (for the Rocketdyne main engines) for awhile as a fresh newly-graduated aerospace engineer, during the post-Challenger disaster recovery phase. It was quite disheartening - we were on a mandatory 54-hr/week schedule, and tasked with proposing fixes for known problems on the main engines...only to see ECR after ECR disallowed by the "customer" because the fixes were not "flight proven". There is a very strong conservative, "if it ain't broke don't fix it" attitude in aero/astro that can drive an R+D person crazy. Yeah, it hasn't broken yet, but the signs of damage are there, so let us fix it before the next flight...nope. I got a transfer to the R+D side and forgot about the Shuttle. Until Columbia. Did you know there was a kit for on-orbit repairs of the heat shield tiles that was developed in the early shuttle program? Did you know the kit never flew because they didn't want to waste the payload, and there were concerns it might not work (if you don't test it you can't say either way can you)? Not to say the kit would have made a serviceable repair for the leading edge c-c fairings, but if it's not even on board it becomes a moot point. 7 people dead because they hadn't had a critical heat shield failure...yet.