Assume you are using wood
IRC Code Requirements for Wall Systems Limits on size and spacing: Table R602.3(5) limits stud height to 10’, size to 2 x 6 and spacing to 16” for homes with 2 floors, roof and ceiling. For wall systems higher then 10 feet, engineering is required.
Consider using Woodworks Sizer Software or Forte® Software
use eccentric axial loading of 1/6th the stud depth
hardware for stud to plate to handle the out of plane connection, refer to manufacturer’s installation guide.
Analyze studs for combined axial and bending loading.
Methodology
1.Determine lumber design values, Fb, F’b, Fc, F’c, E, E’
2.Determine stress from load cases.
3.Check critical buckling.
4.Use interaction equation to proportion member.
5.Check span for bending using components and cladding pressure.
Axial Load, La
*Load case: W + D + Lr will govern,
La=W + D + Lr
Bending Load, Fb
*Load case: w (MWFRS)
Fb=(w*L**2)/(8*s)
Critical column buckling stress, FcE1
FcE1=(KcE*E’)/((Le/d)**2)
Interaction equation to check member capacities for combined loading.
((fc/Fc')**2)+(fb/(Fb'(1-(fc/FcE)))lessthanequal 1.0
I specify and use #2 or #1 for the increase in strength and diminsional stability. Homedepot ad local lumer yards carries the higher grade lumber in both white woods and SYP.
Using Fb SPF stud 675 psi
Adjusted value
Adjustment Factors
•Cd=1.6 (Fb, Fc)
load duration
•Cr = 1.4 (2x6) & 1.5 (2x4), (Fb,)
repetitive member
IBC, Table 2306.2.1
•Cf = 1.5 (Fb)& 1.15 (Fc)
size factorUse with Hem Fir
Factors included in values for SYP
•CL = 1.0
lateral stability, assume wall sheathed
•F’b = 675 psi (1.6)(1.5)(1.5) = 2,430 psi allowable
Some building code allows a stress increase for stud walls with plywood sheathing one the exterior surface and gyp board on the inside.
Check deflection limit L/240 corresponds for current code and Live Load = Wind and brittle wall finish. See IBC Table 1604.3