If I understood your question correctly, you are interested in
hydraulic rams aka
hydraulic pumps, mostly treated in civil and mechanical engineering courses.
These are devices by which a small portion of a flowing liquid is lifted by the kinetic energy (velocity head) of a larger portion, upon decelerating the flow, in what is generally known as a hydraulic jump, similar to the behaviour of a liquid flowing in a pipe at a sudden enlargement.
A Google search will certainly provide you with plenty of information. You will be learning a lot about Reynolds and Froude numbers, liquid flow in pipes and open channels, etc.
For a start, and as an initial tutorial, you may visit:
www.lifewater.ca/ram_pump.htm
For a first course in fluid mechanics you may also read the relevant chapters in
Fluid Flow by Sabersky and Acosta, from the Mc Millan Series in Mechanical Engineering, and probably also those in Theory and Problems from the Schaum series on
Mechanics of Fluids and Hydraulics, McGraw-Hill.
Kindly confirm that this is indeed the subject of your query.
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