I have observed chemical plants standardizing on TFE coated bolts to minimize corrosion of pipelines, which may or may not contain non-conductive flammable fluids.
Do these bolts result in a hazard where bonding and earthing are required to limit static electricity hazards, and if so how much?
If an issue, are there design rules of thumb (# of flanges?) that define when pipelines with non-metallic gaskets and Teflon bolts need bonding straps at flanges, rather than waiting to check pipeline resistance to ground?
Has the impact on above ground pipeline bonding been studied long term, especially if it simulates plant maintenance of the flanges.
Do these bolts result in a hazard where bonding and earthing are required to limit static electricity hazards, and if so how much?
If an issue, are there design rules of thumb (# of flanges?) that define when pipelines with non-metallic gaskets and Teflon bolts need bonding straps at flanges, rather than waiting to check pipeline resistance to ground?
Has the impact on above ground pipeline bonding been studied long term, especially if it simulates plant maintenance of the flanges.
