The table on the mcvicker website is nice, but you should read the footnotes in the CBC as well. For example, Footnote 4 lets you use the 15/32" thickness values for 3/8" plywood, if the studs are 16" oc max (typical).
You also need to be aware of the 3x stud and sill plate requirements in Footnote 3 for Zones 3 & 4.
Per your specific question, the loads in the table are for common nail sizes, which are as you list above. The reason for specifying the diameter is that gun nails come in a wide variety, but I've never been asked to specify the length of an 8d or 10d. Minimum penetration is not usually an issue nailing plywood.
These references are nice, but not a complete substitute for the code.