Clockspring is a great product, but to insure integrity, you would have to apply over the entire to avoid the problem Big Inch mentioned in his post.
Cheaper and less labor intensive to just replace the segment. As a bonus, you might be able to sleep better at night knowing that the line...
I would take additional readings close to, (but not too close, lol) to the high reading, or take another traverse above/below for comparison. Hardness tests can be affected by many factors...its possible you hit a patch of transformation product that is not representative of the remainder.
Jaydee,
tmin is a calculated value based upon pressure, joint efficiency, radius, stress value; are you trying to determine the maximum pressure a vessel can withstand based upon current vessel thickness?
Not exactly a vessel failure per se, but the information in the links below is interesting.
http://www.scribd.com/doc/58344999/A-212-Pressure-Vessel-Steel-A-Case-Against-Continued-Use
http://products.asminternational.org/fach/descendant.do?record=809&database=faco
Taking UT readings at the crotch location can be affected by many factors such as type of transducer (dual vs single element), frequency, size, surface preparation, couplant saturation, operator experience, etc. You may want to re-examine these areas using an experienced technician to see if...
Plus it's unusual for a procedure to incorporate both iridium and cobalt...seperate procedures for radiation source are required by all known codes. Not withstanding the exposure time difference, the quality of the radiation will have a marked effect on contrast, latitude, sensitivity, quality...
Short answer: Average of four circumferencial readings <30 Gs; no single reading > 35 Gs.
...You should get a complete copy for your use...See section E.7...the above is a brief paraphrase...
Relevant is a subjective term.
Do you mean nominal, or thinnest that a section can be to maintain structural integrity? In any case, the fabrication drawing should have this information specified.
RT 1, 2, 3 and 4 refer to a marking on the name plate that describes the amount of radiography performed on the vessel, which is used as the joint efficiency factor. See ASME VIII, Div. 1, UG-116
The question is too vague. The short answer is that a welder needs to be qualified to use a specific welding procedure as required by the appropriate code or specification.
One of the best books you can acquire can be ordered from Amazon: http://www.amazon.com/History-Line-Manufacturing-North-America/dp/0791812332
As the title would imply [History of Line Pipe Manufacturing in North-America] it details the history of line pipe with great detail. In addition to...
Other suggestions include using E8018-C2 electrodes which have good impact properties. These electrodes operate really well, have a low affinity for hydrogen, and the final weld, if properly applied via a qualified welding procedure, will yield positive results.
The butering technique...
Everyone hates the thought of math questions, but the math for the CWI is fairly basic.
You should be able to convert fractions to decimals, calculate tensile strength using load/area, perform basic addition and subtraction, and work with percentages for the code/specific part of the test...
It doesn't really matter why the preheat is applied. If you note the minimum temperature on the PQR and list a reasonable value on the WPS you should be ok.
Agreed that a welding procedure can be developed for this application.
Test loop information as well as welding procedure qualification guidance can be found in API 1104 Appendix B. The caution is that heat input calculations based upon flow conditions will need to be performed prior to...
Not withstanding the above comments, the pipe may have passed a 1.5 hydrotest at some time, but the capability to withstand that pressure now may not be possible under current conditions--pressure cycling, frost thaw/heave, SCC, corrosion, etc....
