If the slab is supposed to be continuous over the beam, and designed to carry negative moment, without a lot of care in placing the concrete, it will be difficult to count on the effective depth to the bottom of the slab. There may be voids in the concrete under the flanges, so you may be...
This makes sense, since it is temperature differential that primarily drives hurricane formation and strengthening, not overall increases in temperature.
A temperature graph (especially without a source given (are the temps from terrestrial sources or satellites?), proves nothing in regard to your assertion about storms:
Where's your evidence for that? Do you have supporting scientific documentation that excludes the effect of substantially...
Other than the shear on the anchor bolts, the torsion can likely be ignored as a negligible loading. If you want to check it, you can apply it as a moment on the tab producing tension on one side of the tab (say the left side) and compression on the other side (the right side), and check it as a...
We are currently working on a performance-based specification for spray-on deck membranes, but it is still in development. Right now we have 3 preapproved products:
Bridge Deck Membrane, as manufactured by Bridge Preservation LLC, Kansas City, Kansas;
Deckguard® Spray-Applied Waterproofing...
When we've done this our bump-outs are significantly bigger, and I wasn't directly involved, so I don't know if there were any calculations done. The wind loads on a light pole are relatively small.
That said, if you want to check the support, I would think you'd apply the moment at the base...
I agree with that. I believe there's wording in the guide spec that makes it clear the loading specified no longer applies once the deck forms are in place.
There may not be a consensus, but I've used the loading for 75 mph wind speed during the deck placement. It seems plenty conservative, considering our upper limit on wind speed for proper curing of the concrete is 25 mph. Anything over that, the surface dries too quickly for it to cure. If winds...
In the hand tight condition, they would theoretically have the same shear/bearing capacity as snug tight.
However, depending on the amount of deflection/rotation, the there could still be loading at the splices, if the bolts bear against the sides of the holes.
Another thing to consider is...
We create a simple loading configuration consisting of the axle weights and spacings, and then our line Girder analysis program (BRASS Girder) moves the series of loads across the bridge, multiplies the reactions by the Distribution Factor or Wheel Fraction calculated per the applicable...
For a beam that size, a plate girder may be more economical than cambering a WF.
If the floor above is concrete, consider making it composite with the floor slab. That will greatly reduce the live load deflections and reduce the weight of the beam required, especially with a plate girder.
I too, think it's just a representation of how the creators of the map guess/assume the climate zones may change in the future, with the projected assumptions scaled larger, to make it look worse.
I'm pretty sure the purple (Zone 7) is the coldest. I don't think humidity or moisture is a...
dik, you use alot of "may", "if", "could" in your responses. Doesn't sound like you even believe that the problem you're advocating to make massive efforts to solve, actually exists. Of course, anything could happen. Global average temperatures could rise by a several degrees in the next...
What does the column support? Axial load? Lateral loads? Where does the 52 tons come from? My math says a concrete column that size only weighs about half that much.
Well, of course; they're government funded. They are required to perpetuate the climate change crisis narrative. Their continued funding depends on it.
Article 13 of the AASHTO LRFD bridge design spec has some information about the impact loading on railings, but most of is calculated using a 15 degree angle of impact. You might be able to extrapolate the force of a head on collision.
For unprotected pier designs, the spec requires a 600,000...
Well said, JoshPlumSE. The other reason that higher CO2 levels shouldn't worry us is that the geeening of the planet will mitigate much, if not all of the increases. We're already seeing it happen, everywhere from the areas near the poles to the Sahara desert.
If the pattern we see in the ice...
