From my limited knowledge, what I understand is that height limits specified in ASCE code are largely based on post earthquake observation of the performance of similar structures rather than any specialized testing of different SFRS.
I recommend you to read this article by structure magazine to improve your perception on the height limits imposed by ASCE.

The following para. is copy and paste from ASCE 7

C12.2.1 Selection and Limitations

Quote (Height limits have been specified in codes and standards for more than 50 years. The structural system limitations and limits
on structural height, hn, specified in Table 12.2-1, evolved from these initial limitations and were further modified by the collective expert judgment of the NEHRP Provisions Update Committee (PUC) and the ATC-3 project team (the forerunners of the
PUC). They have continued to evolve over the past 30 years based on observations and testing, but the specific values are
based on subjective judgment.)