Was there some speculation that there might have been a rogue wave?

TTFN (ta ta for now)
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The surprise to me is how relatively modern this disaster was. When the song came out I thought it was an event from the early 1900s. The song is much more like the sinking of the El Faro.

... 29 times...

RIP.

Rogue wave was one theory, yes. Saw a documentary on that years ago...

Mike McCann, PE, SE (WA, HI)

From the NTSB website-- (typos are theirs)
"The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of this accident was the sudden massive flooding of the cargo hold due to the collapse of one or more hatch covers. Before the hatch covers collapsed, floodign into the ballast tanks and tunnel through topside damage and flooding into the cargo hold through nonweathertight hatch covers caused a reduction of freeboard and a list. The hydrostatic and ydrodynamic forces imposed on the hatch covers by heavy boarding seas at this reduced freeboard and with the list caused the hatch covers to collapse.

Contributing to the accident was the lack of transverse watertight bulkheads in the cargo hold and the reduction of freeboard authorized by the 1969, 1971, and 1973 amendments to the Great Lakes Load Line Regulations.​"

Brad Waybright

It's all okay as long as it's okay.

Lake Superior is well known for not giving up its dead. Surface temps over much of the lake can be in the 40s (F) even in July. Water temps at depth are only slightly above freezing during the entire year. Biologic decomposition is hardly possible at all and old deeper wrecks are seen neerly free of rust. Wreck divers have reported been totally creeped out from seeing completely preserved bodies inside 100+ yr old wrecks.


Current Surface temps
https://www.glerl.noaa.gov/res/glcfs/glcfs.php?lak...

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&...

http://weekinweird.com/2016/11/27/old-whitey-prese...

Hey ax1e, do we have another Tech grad here?

As for the water temp of Lake Superior, I can attest to it first hand. It was a sort of right-of-passage to at least take one full body dip into the lake before graduating, and based on the conversation above, it didn't really make any difference what time of year you chose to take your dip, the water temps didn't change all that much. I waited till the last minute, not taking the plunge until just before I graduated in June 1971. Actually, September, or maybe even early October, would probably be when you would find the water the warmest.

John R. Baker, P.E. (ret)
EX-Product 'Evangelist'
Irvine, CA
Siemens PLM:
UG/NX Museum:

The secret of life is not finding someone to live with
It's finding someone you can't live without

My dad graduated there in 49, but I have visited the campus many times. Do they still have that 800 lb copper "nugget" displayed on the lawn?

I watched my whole body turn blue after just a couple of minutes swimming at Lakeshore Park, but even that didnt keep us kids out of the water for very long. We were a hardy bunch back then. Went swimming every day, all day, then camped with bigfoot and the bears all night. It was bigfoot that scared me the most. Still does.

As far as I know, the 'nugget' has been moved indoors to the mineral museum.

However, they have replaced it with a large 'bronze' statue of the school's mascot, the Husky, as seen on that logo you posted. Here's a live streaming webcam shot of the so-called 'Husky Plaza' (it's a bit dark there now, but check back in the morning):

https://www.mtu.edu/webcams/plaza/

John R. Baker, P.E. (ret)
EX-Product 'Evangelist'
Irvine, CA
Siemens PLM:
UG/NX Museum:

The secret of life is not finding someone to live with
It's finding someone you can't live without

That piece of float copper is in the range of 4000 pounds.

Grandpa always said that his crew left one chunk in the mine that was so big they couldn't get it out. It heat sunk all attempts with cutting torches.

Yes, the Quincy Mine National Monument, on the hilltop above Hancock, Michigan, across the lake from Houghton and the college, has a display where they talk about the fact that there were several solid chucks of copper so large that they just cut around them after attempts to break them up failed. Note that the copper in the UP of Michigan is pure copper. It's not a chemical compound but rather what they call 'float' copper, which usually came in thin veins between layers of rock, which would be crushed in large stamping mills to separate the copper from the rock, then it was simply melted and poured into ingots. There was NO chemical processing done as it was totally unnecessary. However, this did mean that they often encountered large chunks of copper which were impossible to breakup and they were simply left behind if they were too large to fit into the 'rock cars' that took the material up to the surface and out of the mines. What this also meant is that you could walk around the woods and finds chunks of pure copper just laying on the ground. Also farmers in the area often would dislodge large chunks that they would hit when plowing their fields. For years after the mines and the mills closed they still used what they called 'stamp sands' the tailings from the stamping mills as aggregate when making concrete and they would also mix it with asphalt when paving the streets. Note that there was a lot of small pieces of copper still mixed in those stamp sands, too small to be worth the effort to extract them, and so they ended-up in the asphalt. It was always fun watching some freshman out in the middle of the street trying to dig out a piece of copper he saw after the first rain the school year as it would be shiny having been polished by the tires of vehicles driving on the street and the rain would wash off any dirt and debris and when sun came out after the rain the street would literally glitter with copper.

John R. Baker, P.E. (ret)
EX-Product 'Evangelist'
Irvine, CA
Siemens PLM:
UG/NX Museum:

The secret of life is not finding someone to live with
It's finding someone you can't live without

Float copper is native copper that has been transported via glacier drift and left behind when the glaciers melted. Pieces have been found hundreds of miles south of the UP. Yes, the stamp sands contain residual copper. Every sophomore metallurgical engineering student does a case study on setting up a process for copper recovery of the Portage lake stamp sands.

Here are a few pictures of the aforementioned Quincy Mine.

This first shot I think is the best one that I ever took of the main shaft house of the Quincy Mine, which was in operation for nearly 100 years, closing shortly after the end of WWII, when the price of copper plunged. Several other newer mines remained in operation, the last one in the area to close wasn't until the late 60's (I remember it closing while I was still in school there). At the time the Quincy closed, it was the deepest mine in the world with a main shaft depth of 9,260 feet. Note that all of the mine shafts in the area were dug so as to align with the strata that the copper veins ran in, which in the case of the Quincy Mine that meant it was angled approximately 55º from level ground, which meant that the mine had a vertical depth of just over 6,200 feet:


December 1970 (Minolta SRT-101)

Here's what the Quincy Mine looks like as seen from the city of Houghton:


October 2010 (Sony DSC-H2)

And here is what they purport to be the largest chunk of copper that they were able to remove from the Quincy Mine. It's about 12-13 feet long:


October 2010 (Sony DSC-H2)

Note that that 4,000 lbs chunk of copper that used to be on display on campus and is now in the mineral museum, that was NOT taken out of a mine, rather is was found just sitting on the ground not far from the shore of Lake Superior a 100 years or so ago.

John R. Baker, P.E. (ret)
EX-Product 'Evangelist'
Irvine, CA
Siemens PLM:
UG/NX Museum:

The secret of life is not finding someone to live with
It's finding someone you can't live without

The last copper mining operations in the Keweenaw Peninsula (Calumet area, about 15 miles north of the Quincy mine) were run by Calumet and Hecla and those had just been idled by a strike when I started at Tech in September of 1968. No settlement was reached and operations were shuttered. In 1973, exploratory work was begun at one of the shuttered mines by Homestake Mining Company, but after 5 years of work, it was decided to not proceed.

September of 1968 was when I returned to school after taking a year and half off to get married and to get my life straightened out.

BTW, my roommate my freshman year was a metallurgist, but he would have graduated in 1969. Speaking of copper, he went to work for Anaconda in Arizona. He was from International Falls, MN, so no one could brag about how cold it was back home when he was around.

John R. Baker, P.E. (ret)
EX-Product 'Evangelist'
Irvine, CA
Siemens PLM:
UG/NX Museum:

The secret of life is not finding someone to live with
It's finding someone you can't live without

John--Since you like photographing old mining structures, you need to go to Alaska and make the side trip out to McCarthy and Kennicott. There is a mill at Kennicott that was used to crush native copper. Looks just like one of the stamp mills in the Keweenaw.

Another great place to take copper mining related photos is Butte, Montana. Here's the headframe of a copper mine in Butte, around which they've built the 'World Museum of Mining':


April 2019 (Sony a6000)

You can also go down to the 100 foot level in this mine:


April 2019 (Sony a6000)

John R. Baker, P.E. (ret)
EX-Product 'Evangelist'
Irvine, CA
Siemens PLM:
UG/NX Museum:

The secret of life is not finding someone to live with
It's finding someone you can't live without

The new Edmund Fitzgerald about to be entered into the water, June 7, 1958.


The 729-foot ore carrier SS Edmund Fitzgerald, slides into the launching basin, on June 7, 1958, in Detroit, Michigan. Two more months of interior work remain, before the $8,000,000 ship is put into service. Her capacity will be 26,000 tons and her speed up to 16 miles per hour.


Edmund Fitzgerald’s pilot house. The ship’s final resting place is 530 feet beneath the surface of Lake Superior

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The Help for this program was created in Windows Help format, which depends on a feature that isn't included in this version of Windows.

That prop looks sooooOO small for that IRON ore ship.

Keith Cress
kcress - http://www.flaminsystems.com

The Edmund Fitzgerald's propeller was 19.5 feet in diameter, and the ship's maximum speed was 14 knots.

John R. Baker, P.E. (ret)
EX-Product 'Evangelist'
Irvine, CA
Siemens PLM:
UG/NX Museum:

The secret of life is not finding someone to live with
It's finding someone you can't live without

Not bad. I looked around and it seems that's still a pretty respectable diameter for a ship's prop.

I found some other interesting things in the process. One a different type of prop called a cycloidal propeller.

And the other cool thing is they are now 3D printing ships propellers with wire welders.

https://spare-parts-3d.com/2017/12/07/damen-unveils-3d-printed-ship-propeller-certified/

And

Keith Cress
kcress - http://www.flaminsystems.com

I read the book by Robert Ballard about his search for the Titanic (and Scorpion, disguised). The research vessel from Woods Hole had cycloidal propellers which were excellent for station-keeping and slow speed search patterns during the times submersibles were deployed.

Brad Waybright

It's all okay as long as it's okay.

@itsmoked,

You've probably been hauled around by cycloidal propulsors without even knowing it. Lots of ferries - especially the ones on short passages that are double-ended and will go equally happily in either direction - use a pair of Voiths for propulsion.

A

Had no idea! I don't actually see how a cycloidal can work. Seems rather like a centrifugal pump impeller that's missing the volute.

Keith Cress
kcress - http://www.flaminsystems.com

The blades are not stationary relative to the axis of the 'propeller', as seen in this video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ub563Yc3xls

John R. Baker, P.E. (ret)
EX-Product 'Evangelist'
Irvine, CA
Siemens PLM:
UG/NX Museum:

The secret of life is not finding someone to live with
It's finding someone you can't live without

Oh wow.. That's pretty crazy. Not at all what I was envisioning, but seeing a movie of it, it makes total sense. Essentially they "generate lift" on the side they want to move towards. Very clever.

Keith Cress
kcress - http://www.flaminsystems.com

there is a few of these omnidirectional props.

I have been under a ferry in Scotland that was coming off a pier giving it plenty of wellie.

Its a bit bizarre to say the least watching the cavitation coming off with the direction of thrust. The ferry had two of them forward and aft completely independent so could spin on a penny. And also hold position 2 cm off a pier with no ropes attached.