Really? Wow. How did it know which pixels were to be extruded and which were not? Or was it an interpretive trace to vector that was somewhat automated? This would be very useful, but I don't know how the software could make proper discernment for the extrusion, given the designer is the one with the "design intent"--not the software.
tha89sx ... Did you mean create an actual solid extrude feature from the image or just a 3D textured effect as can be produced by photo editing utilities?
I have seen applications that can take bitmaps and perform a trace--those normally use high-contrast images, such as black and white (no gray/color) to automatically perform the trace to vector format.
Once you've got a usable vector format, the rest is fairly simple.
Then as per my first post, you will have to trace the outline of the image (or use a raster to vector conversion program), and then wrap and emboss that onto the surface.
In Solid Works it's called Autotrace and it can be used with sketch images to trace lines arcs and splines from images and make them into sketch entities. You can activate it on the Add-inns menu.
This gives the user the ability to select a color to be come transparent as well as pick a color to trace into the sketch which can be wrapped.
AutoTrace is new to 2008, and it only creates sketch entities from an image. You would still have to determine whether to extrude or cut each sketch profile and how far. I have heard of VX or one of those niche CAD products using the shading info from the image to determine this - but I highly doubt Inventor has it.