Dear Railroaded!
I think you can use a project you know, for example, and start with this process. So get it and cut it if necessary for, I mean, if the project is too much big. Ok. Then think about your needs or ideas, never start with a big idea.
Imagine something simple. Of course, the possibilities in a controled system are infinite so think only about simple solutions, create a project for example to open the gate of the building you live. In this case you can think only about:
- A open contact that will be used as a command to open the gate;
- A open contact to inform the plc that the gate is opened;
- A open contact to inform the plc that the gate is closed;
- An output (any type) that will be the close command;
- An output that will be the open command.
Note: You can think about the possility to include lamps to each contact.
Ok. At this point don't think about motor protections and safety sensors, cicle times, data exchange trough a network, diagnostics etc. Let this for the future.
Create a logic program for this, just write down a flow chart. When finished, use, for example, a small plc like micrologix or other you can have access...
I think the next step is learn how to convert your project in a plc program and, if possible, test it. I have a lot of other practical examples, but you can start with this or other simple one.
After you get some knowledge about this matter, ask me, I have practical examples I use in my projects, real ones...
Good Luck!