Russellccooper;
A telltale really is just a piece of rebar. However, it is not the material but how it is installed and used that make it a telltale. The most common application is to use the telltale to measure the deflection of the pile at a location other than the pile butt, usually the pile tip and usually during a pile load test.
To measure the deflection at the tip the telltale must be anchored to the pile grout at the tip, but isolated from the pile grout everywhere else. This is done by placing the telltale(rebar) inside a smooth plastic sleeve and sealing the ends of the sleeve around the rebar. Sometimes the annular space if filled with grease or some other compound to help prevent grout intrusion. If the rebar is not isolated from the grout by the sleeve, the telltale will not work properly.
Once installed in the pile and the pile has cured, the load test is carried out with one difference. In addition to measuring the deflection of the pile butt, the movement at the bottom of the telltale is also measured. Using the relative movement data, the total pile capacity can be divided between skin friction and tip resistance.
Hope this helps.