There are many AWWA C2xx series standards applicable to many aspects of steel water pipes, from manufacturing to various schemes of coating and lining etc., in sizes including at least 6” to 144 inch (that are incidentally referred to in the AWWA M11 manual Mr. bimr mentions). As far as pvc water pipe greater than 48” size, I am not aware of any standards applicable to pvc pressure pipes that large (but like you will await any more learned response). It appears also e.g. from the document I’ve noticed at the site
that maybe even e.g. in Canada (where I know there is heavy promotion of even large diameter plastic pipes, and no domestic production of e.g. ductile iron pipes) it appears that fewer large diameter lines may have gone that way than steel/concrete or ductile iron.
For 48" steel water line for potable water, the pipe would quite likely be custom made for the application. Wall thickness and ID/OD can be adjusted as desired. It is not uncommon, for example, to make the mortar lining ID the nominal ID, which gives you an odd OD.