Were the pump casting tested per ASTM A923?
It may be something, or it may be nothing.
Those are all external, where they see deposits of salt on the surface.
If they were ever handled or touched with steel tools then I would expect to see rust spots everywhere.
And the 316 is hopeless, it will not tolerate seawater, period.
Do you have leaks?
Have you opened anything up to see if this is more than cosmetic?
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P.E. Metallurgy, consulting work welcomed