Several technologies are available. Historically, the most common repair/replace method has been by open cut, as the work can be undertaken with the existing sewer in operation.
The second most common method of repair/replace has been cured-in-place pipe (CIPP). CIPP is one of several trenchless rehabilitation methods that can be used to repair existing sewers. CIPP is a jointless, seamless, pipe-within-a-pipe with the capability to rehabilitate sewers ranging up to 110-Inch diameter.
The third most common method of replacement has been sliplining. Sliplining involves the insertion of a new pipe with a smaller outside diameter than the inside diameter of the pipe to be rehabilitated. Pipe lengths can be fused together to create a long continuous string, frequently done with PE and fusible PVC, which is then pulled into the pipe. Slip lining will be more difficult if you have services that must be reconnected.
Pipe bursting involves the breaking up of the old pipe and pushing it into the surrounding soil by passing a bursting or splitting device through it, while pulling a replacement pipe in behind the bursting head. The replacement pipe is usually high density polyethylene, PVC, or DI. In some cases, the process can be used to expand the void created thus upsizing with the insertion of a larger diameter. Pipe bursting has now been accomplished in diameters up to 60 inches.
Offline replacement simply involves the installation of a new pipe without regard to the line and grade of the existing pipe. Normally, the existing deteriorated pipe being replaced is kept in service while the new replacement pipe is being installed.
You can use any of these technologies to repair/replace the pipe.