The answer you seek is "no".
Flexural members (Beams, beam-columns) are designed to fail when the reinforcement yields and provides warning in the form of crack widening before the concrete on the compression side reaches compression/brittle failure. Increasing the amount of reinforcement risks failing the member suddenly in compression.
A set of construction documents go together, and once sealed and permit is issued, the structure is to be build to plan. Changes have to go through a process of review to assure such problems are unlikely.
That said, there are many conditions and cases where such a substitute should be acceptable, but only after review by the engineer of record.