I am aquainted with quality in industry, not nukes.
W E Deming could not get American industry interested in quality (except AT &T) after WW II. Japenese industry, including top management welcomed his expertise; even setting up the "Deming Prize" for quality in Japan in 1950. See Deming in Wikipedia.
I worked in API pipe; Jap pipe was great, US pipe was crap (but better than Russian). In the late 80's American steel management started seeing the light (of quality). Things have changed a lot in the last 15 yr, but I bet Japanese products still have higher quality because of the wholeharted support from the top down.