NX will load what you ask it to load.
The Load options has settings to control if you want to load all files fully or partially, or a lightweight representation (quicker), or not at all.
It is still using the same component file no matter how you load the component.
The assembly file is not modified due to how you load the components.
a few examples
If you work with say Plastic injection molds. You will do tons of geometric links (associative copying ) between the components, such that a change of the design automatically ripples through the entire assembly. Because of this, you will want to load all affected parts fully.
If you work with very large assemblies, say 100 000 components, you will want to load as lightweight as possible for performance. this is not the "fully load" option.
But when you select one of the components to modify, NX will automatically load that file fully . The others stay lightweight.
If you would open a large assembly but you know in advance that you only will work in a small area of that assy, you can load the assy "structure only" , Only the assembly file is opened, No components at all.
The assembly structure exists in the assembly file, you can there, in the assembly navigator, select the components you want to load and work with these. Leave the rest of the components unloaded.
what components are loaded and what components are not loaded does not modify the assembly file or structure.
The displayed part is the work part until you select some component and make that the work part.
Making some component the work part means "this is the file I will change and/or create new objects in".
imagine open an assembly. when done the assembly is the work part.
If you create a datum plane in this moment, it will be created in the work part, i.e in the assembly file.
If you make one of the components the work part and create a datumplane, you will still look at the assembly file but the datum plane will be written/saved in that component file.
Regards,
Tomas