Nozzle Discharge Distance

[KingLouieXIV]

I am looking for formulae to predict the discharge distance of water through a nozzle given the flow velocity, fluid S.G., nozzle angle(with respect to horizontal) and wind speed/direction.

I am in dredging, and we pump spoil through onboard piping over the bow of the ship. We presently predict the distance based on the projectile formulae found in elementary physics texts. Colleagues in the fire protection industry have been unwilling to share their empirical formulae. Thanks for any assistance!!

 

[BobPE]

There isn't much to it other then fundumental projectile theory found in most text books. The fireman have formulas for their specific nozzles and thier associated Cv or coefficient of velocity since they are designed to provide very efficient stream flow and are based on emperical solutions.

The formula I use is

X^2=4(Cv)^2hy

where:
x=distance of reference point in stream
Cv=summation of headloss through orifice
h=head above centerline of orifice
y=height of refernece point in stream

Discharge depends on head from which you can calculate theoritical velocity. Cv is 1 for ideal orifices with no head loss, but in real life there are headlosses where Cv<1. The makeup of you stream, dredge spoils will affect the headlosses which you can look at theoritically using other formulas or emperically by calculating theoritical velocity for you application then measuring actual distance traveled for you system then solving the above equation for Cv which you would use in your system.

Good luck, hope I was helpful.

BobPE