It is possible to configure passive elements (reactors and resistors) in such a way as to develop a voltage that is proportional to negative sequence current.
If you have a copy of the Westinghouse "Applied Protective Relaying", there is an example schematic shown in Figure 3-8. Older electro-mechanical 46 relays operated on this principle.
Well, there are plenty of negative sequence current meters (used on generators) and relays on the market. Some of the relays based on electromechanical.
HCB-1 pilot wire relay includes negative sequence filter. Manual is available here but very slow. I don't know if the diagram is in there:
Well, the hcb flyer finally loaded and nothing there.
I hate to try to think about reinventing the wheel since it's already been done. But... I'm just thinking about how you would do it starting from the definition.... something like I- = Ia + A*Ib + A^2*Ic where A is exp(j*120 degrees)... and you might switch the B and C coefficients depending upon your power system phase rotation.
So... how to shift the phase of a current. Well certainly putting it through an RC or RL network could develop that phase shift on the voltage... then how to add the voltages? Hmmm.
Suggestion: Reference:
1. C. Russell Mason "The Art and Science of Protective Relaying," John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1956,
page 189 figure 22 A positive-phase-sequence-current filter and relay.
By interchanging the leads in which Ib and Ic flows, the filter becomes a negative-phase-sequence-current filter.