Check out Table 7 in ASME B16.5. This table is titled Reducing Threaded and Slip-On Flanges for Classes 150 to 2500. The table gives the smallest size of reducing outlet from the "blind" flange that requires a hub for each pipe size through 24" NPS. Threaded and slip-on connections are both covered. If you want to have some other kind of connection or have a flange larger than 24" NPS you will probably need to calculate per ASME VIII-1 (UG-39, Appendix 2, & Appendix 14).