The parts default UCS is always at the origin of that part. However, when you create a part from within an assy, the parts origin is automatically placed at the assy origin, regardless of where the actual parts geometry is placed.
To avoid this, create an individual (not inside the assy) part(with or without geometry) first,
then insert & mate it (using the main planes & or origin) so that the origin is placed at a logical position in the assy, relative to the new part. Geometry can then be created or constrained to other components (or geometry) in the assy.
This way the origin of the individual part is always at a "logical" point in the part, whilst still creating an "in-contexted" part.
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