In a former life, we had forming blanks laser- cut from stainless steel and more exotic metal sheet.
Because the same blanks were used in several alloys, we asked the cutter to laser- mark an alloy identifier on the blanks.
The photon cannon he was using had a little slop in the servo drives, so the machine took a little extra time to turn the corners when marking characters like 'E'. The first lot of blanks had a pinhole right through the material at every such corner.
Subsequent lots were cut on one machine, and etched on a much lower powered machine.
So, I'd have to say that the difference between cutting, etching, and marking is some function of the beam power and the traverse rate.
Mike Halloran
Pembroke Pines, FL, USA