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ISO Datums Question - Rotationally Symmetrical Part

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ninjabadger

Industrial
Jun 26, 2015
2
Hi All,

I'd like your help on how to datum this part (or if how I'm thinking of doing it is legal)

First off 95% of the parts / drawing here don't have any datums specified. Occasionally a bore will be called out as a datum, and a c'bore or groove given a concentricity to it.

I'm really pushing for the use of proper datums and more GD&T, the design department and others are quite receptive to this but not that clued up on it, so I'm kind of showing them how I think it should be done.

I'm a CMM programmer BTW.


We've potentially quite a bit of work coming from some customers whose drawings contain some quite involved call-outs, so they realise they can't continue to shy away from it too much, but they're also mindful of a workforce who will need educating on this. i.e We want to keep it all fairly basic to start with.


We're working to ISO (Although I don't have access to all the standards - ISO is a pain unlike ASME it's not all contained in one nice document)


The attached drawing (not a real part, I just knocked it up for demonstration purposes) is typical of the type parts we make. We manufacture pumps and similar products.

The Three large bores are for the pistons (they actually house cylinders which the pistons go in but that's not important) - these are tight limit in both size and position.

The three smaller holes are flow holes - there's nothing important about these other than they're there.

The 6 smaller holes around the outside are bolt clearance holes.


In the assembly the part will mate on what I've defined as datum A and locate on Dat B (which has a groove / seal which I've not modelled).

Timing wise the orientation would really be controlled by the three large bores.

I believe the correct way to define this would be....


3X 20.0±0.02
[POS|Ø0.05|A|B] (Correct position of group to Face/Locating Diam)
[POS|Ø0.05] (Correct position to each other)
V
|
|
[C]


i.e. Datum C is defined as the group of cylinders.

I know however this will not be well received (too complicated).


They (Design) want to use one of the cylinders as Datum C - but on a rotationally symmetrical part depending on which of the three (or in some cases 6) you picked you'd get different results.

We've come up with the idea of having some identifying feature to identify which is to be used - in this case a countersink on one of the flow holes. So I could show the bore CW of the countersunk hole Datum C.

The problem then comes in the detail section view I want to call the c'bore out to the cylinder.

I guess my question is can I label the bore (in the 'Typical 3 positions' detail section) as Datum D, even though it's already been called out as C elsewhere?


At the moment all holes are called out as toleranced PCD & Angular locations, but obviously the next logical step is to use Position to define them - so even though we'd not have anything called out the ABC just yet, I'd like to get a good system of working in place now. For now though I'd simply like a fixed DRF from which to generate repeatable results.
 
 http://files.engineering.com/getfile.aspx?folder=9d4bd077-aecd-4d9f-80d2-7d542cbdda44&file=sample_block.JPG
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Since I don't know what ISO has to say about all things GD&T, I don't have an answer for you. I do have a question though. If you aren't really using GD&T right now but are moving in that direction, why has your companay already settled on ISO? Is it a customer thing? Working to ASME will get you more answers on here for sure. There's one person I know of on this forum that knows ISO pretty well but I can't remember who it is.

John Acosta, GDTP Senior Level
Manufacturing Engineering Tech
SSG, U.S. Army
Taji, Iraq OIF II
 
powerhound, I think ISO (BS8888) is the norm in the OP's country of origin if I remember correctly.

Posting guidelines faq731-376 (probably not aimed specifically at you)
What is Engineering anyway: faq1088-1484
 
So you are putting GD&T on your customer's print? Do they specify ISO as the standard which to interpret GD&T to?

John Acosta, GDTP Senior Level
Manufacturing Engineering Tech
SSG, U.S. Army
Taji, Iraq OIF II
 
Thanks for the replies.

KENAT is correct - we're in the UK. The customer we have (from whom we're attempting to secure big orders) who uses GD&T heavily uses ISO - so it makes sense for us to adopt that; to be honest I wouldn't even want to begin explaining the difference in standards to our designers and the shop floor.

Whilst there are a couple of aspects of ISO I like - overall I prefer ASME (it's what I'm used to and it's all contained in one document) ISO is a minefield of references to other standards, not to mention (admittedly slight) difference in the national standards (British xxxx standard is based on ISO yyyy standard but with blah-blah-blah differences).

We're not putting GD&T on customer prints - they already contain it (and it appears that we don't even really consider it when quoting/tendering for work).

I'm pushing for GD&T on our prints - but I'll settle for proper datums in the first instance.

I fear I'm fighting s losing battle already.

Out of interest, would the example I gave be legal in ASME?

 
I don't think it's illegal but there are certainly some things that could be improved upon. Simultaneous requirements would be a useful thing but I don't think ISO has such a rule.

John Acosta, GDTP Senior Level
Manufacturing Engineering Tech
SSG, U.S. Army
Taji, Iraq OIF II
 
I'm not sure about all of your questions, but I can share some things that have helped massively in moving to GD&T:
- Always understand the "real-world" (not CMM) way that a datum structure can function. People outside of the CMM world generally don't appreciate the numerous ways that a CMM can create datum structures, nor does it help them. You need (or the engineers making drawings) need to apply the flexibility of the CMM to conform with the real-world methods.
- Always understand how strong the datums are. Datum A is strong because it covers the whole dia of the part. Datum B is strong for position but not as a stand-alone centerline. Datum A|B does make a strong centerline. etc. You seem to have strong datums selected in your example.
- Use as many datums as you need, but never more than necessary. C and D are not the same thing in your example, since C is the centerline formed by the best fit of 3 features and D is any one feature alone.
- I always strive to make GD&T not only robust to pass/fail a part, but be repeatable. So I agree to clock the positional setup against the same counterbore each time. Even if you as the first inspector simply write in black marker "C" for the one you chose, as a temporary indication.
- I don't see a perpendicularity callout on the 3 20mm bores. If the perp of the 20mm holes can be greater than the positional tolerance at the A plane, then you would be well advised to provide that too.

As a CMM operator you might be caught in the middle. If your end user does not want to properly GD&T or provide fully detailed inspection procedures in another format, then I would mark up my own drawings that have full GD&T and keep it on file as "here's what I did". Obviously you don't want your version of the GD&T to conflict with any other instructions you've been given, but once people see how their process can be described in GD&T, things move much better.
 
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