To answer the subject line of your post, yes there are standards and limits covering the dimensions af V-Groove pulleys (Sheaves), Machinery's Handbook is a good starting place but Artisi's link provides all that you need if you want this level of detail.
However, reading your post, it I guess that you require guidance for maintenance purposes.
Don't forget that V-Groove belts drive by using the wedging action of the belts in the sheave's grooves, so check to see that the new belt doesn't run on the bottom of the groove and if the wear ridge from the old belt prevents this proper wedging action. As a general rule of thumb, the top face of the belt should be just above the top of the groove, if its sunk below, or the belt is rubbing the bottom, then a new pulley is indicated. A lot can be learned from the condition of the old belt and there are a loads of useful pictures and information in this link:
Trevor Clarke. (R & D) Scientific Instruments.Somerset. UK
SW2007x64 SP3.0 Pentium P4 3.6Ghz, 4Gb Ram ATI FireGL V7100 Driver: 8.323.0.0
SW2007x32 SP4.0 Pentium P4 3.6Ghz, 2Gb Ram NVIDIA Quadro FX 500 Driver: 6.14.10.7756