It is basically the number of digits avaiable to describe the model. Small field gives you 8 position for a node coordinate and large field means that you have 16 positions for a coordinate (I think it's 16).
These options determine the format that will be used by the pre-processor to write your NX NASTRAN Bulk Data commands.
For instance, when using FEMAP by default it uses small field format (8 character fields). If you want extra precision for some or all of your model, you can choose one of the large field formats (16 character fields). The large field formats obviously produce a large file that is harder to read. You should not choose that format unless it is necessary. The "limited" large field formats allow you to selectively write large field formats for certain entities and small field format for others. FEMAP does not write free field format.
Please note that FEMAP allows you to Improve Single Field Precision format under "File > Preferences > Interfaces": When this option is on, FEMAP will write all values specified using "scientific notation" or longer than 8 characters to the Nastran input file without the "E" designation. For instance, a value such as "4.86111E-4" in FEMAP would appear in the Nastran input file as "4.8611-4" when this option is on instead of "4.861E-4". Small field only, OK?.
Best regards,
Blas.
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Blas Molero Hidalgo
Ingeniero Industrial
Director