Drive mechanisms for centrifugal superchargers (automotive applications) can have very high output speeds.
The centrifugal supercharger on a Kawasaki H2 motorcycle drives the supercharger at 9.2 times crankshaft speed, and max crankshaft speed is 13,000 rpm, so supercharger rpm would be 120,000 rpm under those conditions. The final output stage is a planetary-geared speed increaser with an 8:1 speed ratio.