rittz:
Yes, you certainly can calculate the cap’y. of a screw jack. You need to know all the material properties of the screw and the collar or nut, and the stand. You need to know the type of screw thread form; Acme, Square, Modified Square, etc. and all the dimensions of the screw and nut. Then it is primarily a problem of shear strength at the root of the thread, with a few other factors thrown in for complication of the problem.
As mentioned by others, I would look for a cap’y. cast into the base; I would look for a name or manuf’rs. letters cast into the base and ask them. You could take a quick cut at a cap’y. calc. and then have a testing lab actually load it and watch its deflection rate, or just use it at half the calc’ed. cap’y., at your own risk. Look at the cap’y. of a current day jack with the same screw form and size for an estimate of your jack cap’y. All-in-all it might be cheaper and less time consuming just to buy a new one.