The recently completed cable-stayed Cooper River Bridge in Charleston, SC, uses artificial rock islands to keep ships from even striking the main piers.
Here is a link to information on the firm that performed some of the specialized design work using "numerical simulations" and "scale model testing"
There are a number of studies in the Journal of Bridge Engineering from ASCE. Naturally, most of the studies have been done by universities on the east coast and some consulting engineers as well.
I recall seeing neural networks used in some presentations.
Regards,
Qshake
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