Well this should be unnpressurized, if it isn't check immedeately for exits and liferafts (don't go for the lifeboats they'll be too crowded anyway...).
Well to be seriuus, these gaskets take a lot of heat. normally they're made of some threaded stuff, you may get around by some other insulation material Stonewool or some glava type (Glass wool) insulation( not asbestos...), both take high temperatures, and are normally available. Main problem is that you will have to shut down the boiler, and wait for the temp to get down somewhat. The door will, as mentioned above here pretty certainly get bent if the leakage is not taken care of.
Plan B, would be to insulate on the outside flanges of the door, to avoid shutting the boiler down until in harbour and proper gaskets can be found.