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  1. tmalik3156

    Pilaster minimum reinforcement

    Thank you @Greenalleycat @KootK and @jhnblgr for your replies. As for the strength, the W shape (a vertical cantilever) alone is designed to carry the moment and shear imposed by the horizontal wind load. So composite action is not relied upon. But, to reduce the top deflection, we do need to...
  2. tmalik3156

    Pilaster minimum reinforcement

    @Greenalleycat Thank you for pointing out the composite action mechanism. Indeed, without some connectors (like Nelson studs) between steel and concrete, we can not rely on a composite action by friction only. That's why, the W shape is designed to carry the force and moment alone. However, W...
  3. tmalik3156

    Pilaster minimum reinforcement

    Good day all. Sketch below is a pilaster of a wall. It's cross section is made of a steel section, and a reinforced concrete cover (C-shaped). The void where the steel is placed is grouted so that there is a composite action between the steel and the concrete. A pilaster does not carry any...
  4. tmalik3156

    Old Through Plate Girder Bridge

    @LittleInch , Yes we will measure thickness with ultrasonic thickness gauges. @BridgeSmith , Yes, in this simply supported girders, plates were added to the flanges to resist higher moments at mid-span. @bridgebuster , That's what we expect. @Lomarandil , I appreciate your sharing the...
  5. tmalik3156

    Old Through Plate Girder Bridge

    @Lomarandil Thank you for your prompt reply. We thought it would be a double (back-to-back) web because of those rivets on the web. We don't know what else are those rivets for. If you have pre-1960 drawings of riveted through plate bridges, it would be great if you could share sheets that have...
  6. tmalik3156

    Old Through Plate Girder Bridge

    Good day all. This old railway bridge will be converted to a pedestrian bridge. There is no drawings available. It's a built up riveted through plate girder bridge consisting of angles and plates. To do a load rating, we need no know cross sections of the girders. We will take as much field...
  7. tmalik3156

    Small Pedestrian Bridge Concept Design

    @BridgeSmith We will look in plate girder versus rolled shape options. At this time, we are not considering fully or semi integral options. For leaky joint concerns, we might opt to paint a meter or so of girder end. But preferred superstructure is a truss to make the structure stiff against...
  8. tmalik3156

    Small Pedestrian Bridge Concept Design

    @AS_PEng Thank you for taking time to write in detail. The bridge is on a trail near mountains, so access of equipment is an issue. We have retained an experienced construction engineer to advise us on that. We may have to use micropiles for the abutment instead of HP piles to allow smaller...
  9. tmalik3156

    Small Pedestrian Bridge Concept Design

    @Lomarandil, agreed. Contractor will likely end up asking a prefabricator. However, we need to come up with a conceptual design that meets various criteria mentioned. @LittleInch, well 3.0 m is required for two pedestrians passing with some personal space around. Although COVID-19 is not...
  10. tmalik3156

    Small Pedestrian Bridge Concept Design

    @BridgeSmith: Vertical grade is theoretically flat. But probably a small camber at mid-span will be provided even though the bridge is only 16.0 m. Yes, a truss would serve as a pedestrian barrier. But truss members (typically hollow sections) require lots of welding.
  11. tmalik3156

    Small Pedestrian Bridge Concept Design

    Good day all. We are going to design a small pedestrian bridge over a creek. It's 16.0 m long and about 4.0 m wide. We are at the conceptual design stage now. The governing criteria is functionality and cost effectiveness - rather than aesthetics. We could do a Pratt Truss or Warren Truss, or...
  12. tmalik3156

    Encampment deterrent for steel girder bridge

    Thank you gentlemen. We will explore your suggestions.
  13. tmalik3156

    Encampment deterrent for steel girder bridge

    @BridgeSmith You are right that there shouldn't be any significant reduction in capacity. The owner is just trying to keep homeless people away. Since this is not a bridge structural retrofit work, they prefer that girders are not affected. If we can clip and secure the grillage on the cross...
  14. tmalik3156

    Encampment deterrent for steel girder bridge

    Thank you for your replies. @BridgeSmith: Near the abutment, the web is subjected to the highest shear, so we thought drilling holes into webs wouldn't be a good idea. We wanted to do something less intrusive. @jhnblgr: Well, the bridge is already there, and it's girder-on-bearing type bridge...
  15. tmalik3156

    Encampment deterrent for steel girder bridge

    Good day all. Looking for something similar as shown in the photo below for concrete girders, except that ours is for a steel girder bridge. We don't want to drill holes to the steel girder webs. Does anyone have drawings / photos / ideas about how to install such a cage for steel bridges...
  16. tmalik3156

    Please make 'Bridge Engineering' more prominent

    It could be in "Engineering Forum by Industry" as it was before. This time it is hidden under "Constructed Items".
  17. tmalik3156

    Light pole tabs on bridges

    @BridgeSmith Thank you for your reply. The torsion which tends to twist the pole base about bridge transverse axis is a bit tricky to design for.
  18. tmalik3156

    Please make 'Bridge Engineering' more prominent

    Dear Admin, Bridge Engineering is a multi-disciplinary subject involving Structural, Geotechnical, Water Resources, and Transportation Engineering. Unfortunately, the new layout of the forum has made this subject obscure. It is now hidden inside other subforums. Please make Bridge Engineering a...
  19. tmalik3156

    Light pole tabs on bridges

    Good day all. We are designing semi-circular cantilever tabs to support light poles on the exterior of a bridge. Due to wind action, the light poles – and therefore these tabs – are subjected to significant moments / torsion. Some DOTs have standard drawings for these tabs. An example from...
  20. tmalik3156

    Retrofit of stub abutment

    Good day all. Owner is afraid that flood will wash away the embankment, and the stub (perched) abutment will collapse. Abutment is on spread footing with no piles underneath. This has happened to some other bridges (a random example shown below). So, we are doing a preliminary conceptual...

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