Corrosion in oil & gas pipelines is definitely different and more complex than water pipelines but this CA has been a common issue in the water sector. Though corrosion and its consequences are far less serious in water transmission line, quite often pipeline specifications ask for extra 3 mm CA...
For steel water pipelines, AWWA M11 gives three formulas:
t=D/288 for sizes up to 54"
t=(D+20)/400 (sizes greater than 54 ")
t=D/240 for mortar-lined and flexible coated pipe
and says "in no case shall the shell thickness be less than 14 gauge (0,0747 in.).
The formulas are based on handling...
You might find this book helpful:
Construction Equipment Management for Engineers, Estimators,and Owners
Editor: Michael D. Meyer, 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
I hope you'd find it interesting to review the link below. Don't miss the other chapters as well (chap 5 for example)
http://wiki.iploca.com/display/rtswiki/6.+Earthworks
Thanks to IPLOCA (International Pipe Line & Offshore Contractors Association) for their work.
well, I think BigInch agrees with Pennpiper:
But let BigInch clears this.
Anyway, I’m interested in the discussion brought in by Penpiper:
If one RT 100% of all butt-welds then could he argue that the hydrostatic test is not needed (assume that the pipe itself (seamless or spiral) is mill...
Hi,
Just an idea about your different results.
Equally important as the valve's closure time, is its closure behavior or closure curve (relationship between the area of the opening and the position of the valve’s spindle). This is normally non-linear for most of the valves’ types. Many...
I think it might be of help if you clarify a bit what you mean by "piping engineer"?
For now, I would like to point out Epanet as a free yet powerful and easy-using hydraulic modeling tool for steady and extended time modes.
I've seen hydrostatic pressures tests with pressure relief valves being used in addition to the one installed on the piston pump.
My suggestion is that you first look to your design code, standard and project specifications to see their requirements.
Then if you are a consultant, safety...
Is it a steel pipe? what is the size and thickness? I haven't seen large pipes to be cut by cold cutters. I guess the most important is the surface finish of the pipe to meet your joint requirement.
In few cross country water pipelines (not piggable), we've had "pipe monitoring arrangements". A short section parallel to the main pipe like a by pass at where you want to have your assessment. The main pipe can be inspected when needed (perhaps once every few years) to assess the corrosion and...
Thank you both BigInch and zdas04. I find it always interesting to see different (historical or proven) approaches in different sectors for relatively a same purpose.
Regarding the field pressure test, I personally try to stick with the standard/specification that rules the projects. Different...
Dear David,
May I ask what is the "normal" and "maximum" test pressures you've done so far for pneumatic tests and if you've done it for steel pipe as well? I work within water sector and haven't done pneumatic tests myself but thinking about the compressor size (power, flow rate) I would need...
Thank you rconner for the update. I have ISO 2531:1998 which states for water or gas applications. It looked weird to me to have DI for gas applications ...
You could always refer to the manufacturer's recommendations. Normally, most of standards related to pipe manufacturing give some general guidelines for pipe handling (such as AWWA) or refer to manufacturer's recommendations (such as API 5L).
IMO, in most cases more detailed requirements could...
