Yes, thank you Galambos! I knew I saw that somewhere before but I could not find it. I actually read it in another publication. I've been looking for it for the past two years.
For a concrete wall bending transversely, does the direction of the dowel hook of the vertical wall reinforcing bar into the footing bends. Whether it bends towards each other or away from each other, in a wall with two layers of reinforcing.
It is my understanding that:
U = the factored loads per Section 9.2.1
Gamma = factored loads(U)/unfactored loads
fs = fs,max per section 10.6.4.1, or the actual fs
phi = max of 0.9 for tension controlled
Sd = phi(fy)/gamma/fs
Sd varies with gamma because of different U values...
Interesting side note to this conversation. For roof top units, in figure 6-21 of ASCE7-05, I have always used h = height of the roof top unit above the top of roof. However, after attending a wind seminar, we were told that h = the height of the building + 1/2 the height of the roof top unit...