Our company uses SAP seems like it is a huge bloated system tuned primarily to help accounting. However, I'm not a hardcore user so probalby not the right person to share my opinion.

At times around here it is suggested the acronym stands for Stops All Production or Stops All Progress.

I've seen Deltek Vision used as a partial ERP implementation. It was a 'partial' implementation as it was almost universally considered an accounting tool rather than ERP, except the accountants didn't like it either.

The timesheeting and job recording was quite effective, as well as a means to manage unpaid invoices and billing. There was interest in using it for resource planning, but that never eventuated in the time I was with that employer. Deltek advertises the platform as a project based ERP, and it appears to be quite effective in that regard. A lot of the relevance of the ERP really comes down to cost and implementation, Deltek's Vision platform is not what would be considered cheap either.

Odoo (formerly OpenERP) might be worth a look as another alternative, I've not had any experience in it personally though.

I used Mavenlink a bit at a consultancy: https://www.mavenlink.com/

It handles most of the items on your list.

We've been using 10,000 feet for resource planning, project management, and time tracking and it's working pretty well for that: https://www.10000ft.com/