A classic "golden oldie" is Spannhake,W. (1934), "Centrifugal Pumps, Turbines and Propellors - Basic Theory and Characteristics", The Technical Press, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. There are probably more modern texts but I can't identify them right now. Try Amazon Books or Barnes and Noble on the internet. For papers on various aspects of water turbine design and operation look for International Association of Hydraulic Research (IAHR/AIHR) symposia proceedings which are held every couple of years in major cities throughout the world. The American Society of Civil Engineers Hydraulics Division is another prolific source of water turbine papers. Try these associations on the internet for info on their publications.

Johnston Pump Companies enginerring catalog gives you about any info you need.  This should be free at any service center.

Pumper

Just ran an internet query on hydropower turbines and came across a 45 page DOE report DOE/ID/13741, July, 1999 entitled, "A Summary of Environmentally Friendly Turbine Design Concepts" which may be of interest to you. Alden Hydraulics Lab in Massachusetts was one of the contributors. The friendly refers to "fish friendly". The site is www.hydropower.inel.gov/turbine/DOEID-13741