brettpit,
The AGMA documentation and MikeyP's summary pretty much describe the basic situation. However, while the basic differences that exist between factorizing and non-factorizing epicyclics may appear to be fairly straightforward in theory, in practice the situation can often be much more complex.
Depending upon the number of planets, load sharing among the meshes, the accuracy of the gears and their mounting structures, the pitch line velocity of the gear meshes, the relative meshing/passing/structural frequencies of the gears/bearings/structures, etc., either a factorizing or non-factorizing configuration can be the better choice.
Unless you have substantial engineering resources at your disposal to conduct a detailed analytical trade study to determine which approach is best for your application (factorizing/non-factorizing), then the safest approach would be to select gear tooth counts/geometry combinations for your epicyclic that give good load sharing, ease of manufacture, and have compatible meshing frequencies.
Good luck.
Terry