Hi wethery, jasonh said it pretty well, but I will try to add a little to it.
If the impedance at the input driving the filter or the impedance of the filter load changes very much over time or frequency, an active filter is much more predictable in behavior. The higher the frequency, the more other things enter into the choice.
A second order filter has twice the roll-off rate beyond the cutoff frequency than does a first order filter.
If noise is an issue, a passive filter can be quieter than an active filter.
Active filters eliminate the need for inductors, which can turn out to be very strange values in passive filters, and therefore impossible to purchase.
I hope this helps.