To do it properly isn't necessarily as quick as you may think.
While it seems a simple application you either need to do the math or use a table that was driven by the math.
Machineries is a good start, assuming you get to dimension both parts. If one part is dimensioned/toleranced outside of your control then you probably have to do the math.
To find the counterbore diameter you need to take into account:
Is is fixed (mating part has thread in it) or floating (nut & bolt thru holes in both parts) application.
Diameter of the head of the bolt/screw.
Coaxiality of the head of the bolt/screw to the shaft.
Coaxiality of the counterbore to the through hole.
Reidh case has even more to consider.
If you're in the US take a look at Appendix B of ASME Y14.5M-1994 it gives some calculations. There are a couple of websites that do it for you but it would be good practice to work it out yourself a few times.
May have been posted before over on GD&T, for instance thread1103-110414 thread1103-125608
KENAT, probably the least qualified checker you'll ever meet...