Not that I am aware of. NFPA 70E is a "consensus" standard at this point. OSHA mandates that you have a safety plan and it has said that following NFPA 70E will fulfill their requirements, but it doesn't specifically mandate NFPA 70E be used.
On the other hand, liability exposure would be greatly reduced if NFPA 70E were followed.
Lawyers love questions such as "So you were aware of this safety standard but chose not to follow it?"