Determine Switching Surge Levels for High Voltage System

[constantlylearning]

I'm currently trying to determine what the switching surge level would be at a particular substation on a 500kV system. Can anyone tell me what parameters determine this value?

I believe it is probably related to line length, inductance and capacitance, capacitor banks and other system properties.

Would an ATP study help determine this? Can anyone recommend a reference book?

 

[cuky2000]

General:
Switching surge values are specific for each particular system. _{To make this task more challenger, switching surge is not a deterministic value because depend on many variable parameters. Although is more notorious in UHV (>230 kV), switching surge could be occasionally significant in MV application particularly in large UG cabling or high capacitance network.}

Switching Surge Causes:
The lead cause of switching surge are related with closing and opening circuit breakers for transmission lines, transformer, UG cable, shunt reactor and capacitors and substation bus sections.
_{The enclosed document will provide range of expected switching surge. Surge Mitigation: In the event of excessive switching surge, there are several mitigation techniques including surge arrester, synchronous closing, insertion resistor, grading capacitors, etc.}

Modeling Tool:
Electromagnetic transient programs such as ATP, EMTP, PSCAD and others will help to model the switching phenomenon.

Reference Books:
- Insulation coordination for power systems by Andrew R. Hileman
- Power systems electromagnetic transients simulation by Watson & Arrillaga.
- Power Systems Electromagnetic Transients Simulation - The IET
- Transients in power systems by Lou Van der Sluis.

<sub>Suggestions
Search for Standard and white papers in Insulation Coordination and Transient Analysis in the following organization.
- IEEE: Std 1313 1 & 2. Principles and procedures of insulation co-ordinationTransient in Power System, other papers. Also check papers, standard and publications in technical organizations such as IEC, Cigre, IPS, etc.</sub>

 

[constantlylearning]

Thanks, Cuky. Good information!