mike009,
Is not the paint you are nominating protective layer, is it?
If not, then assuming the jack material being carbon steel, there are many methods of corrosion protection, from galvanizing to painting, a long range of applications. Since you nominated your expertise in the computing area, I'd like to mention the powder coating applied on the sheet metal box and components for computers. That is a type of protective layer. I'm not sure what benefit you could possible have from knowing the chemical formula or composition of any particular coating system or other protective materials, but I suggest you to contact any professional powder coating material producer and ask them. Try also google the "powder coating" and lots of info can be found on the internet. You can also find lots of info on the paint material composition, chemical reactions mechanism, polimerization and the like...
Perhaps if you could be a bit more specific with your query, more help could be given.. By the way, I own a small scissor jack and it was protected with a layer of low quality fence paint, which lasted for a week. It still works, but is badly corroded and I'm using it only when nobody else can see it.
cheers,
gr2vessels