When defining a response spectrum function from file, why we should specify a "function damping ratio"? I think it’s already used to calculate the introduced spectrum.
Thanks
One way is to perform a preliminary modal analysis; the principal direction corresponds to the direction of the first mode translational direction, translational first mode of vibration corresponds to the most flexible direction.
Build
In this case, the stairs must be attached to the main structures, and it is clear that stairs will be attractive point of seismic forces, but many seismic codes consider that stairs as secondary element (seismic codes says any think about if stairs must be or not attached to the main...
Can anyone give me some guidance for seismic design of concrete stairs attached to the main structure?
Some questions I have included:
Shall we consider stairs as non-structural elements?
If yes, how calculate the seismic forces?
Can the stair pans be assumed to act as a diaphragm to resist...
