OK, going to definitions: demineralised water is water without any ionic impurities, with the conductivity of 0.055uS, and pH of 7.0
This is definition not related with water industry, but purely chemical. Please do not mix with distilled water or ultra pure water, this last would be with...
dear bmir, let's start from... an end this time.
When you'll be on that stage of career in water treatment, you'll discover such units like CO2 degassers added before RO to decrease the load, as a standard in developed installations designed not for home users.
Sorry, but you're contrary to...
So finally we have the consensus. I have some difficulties with English, you have some difficulties with water treatment, especially: polishing, knowledge what the final effluent parameters requirements are and last but not least: basic chemistry principles.
As result, you were posting...
@Rstuff - this is exactly what I mean (sorry if not explicated precisely enough - English is not my primary language), that so called "ultrapure" water NEEDS polishing and in any case, on the makeup plant outlet cannot have pH around 10.
Sorry, but it seems that you are adopting the reality to your theories.
First, it can be everything, starting from the traces of chlorides from cation exchanger, via the slip of carbon dioxide, silica, ammonia or sodium.
But OK, lets follow your assumption that it is 1ppm of sodium.
Therefore...
I know, sorry but I couldn't find anything specific ad hoc. Anyway, please update the thread when data would be available, I never faced decomposition to low molecular weight hydrocarbon gases yet, as commonly confirmed decomposition products are carbon dioxide, formic and acetic acids groups.
@bimr: thanks for the explanation, first, it seems that during last 22 years I was doing everything completely wrong!!!
What is more, I know several organizations, which should now shut their water treatment down as they are using wrong equipment.
But, following the above, could you please...
@bimr:
deionized water: water after one or two stages of RO, typically with conductivity around 5uS. Same is if the final stage is anion exchanger only, without mixed bed or EDI.
demineralized water: water after mixed bed ion exchanger or EDI, typically with direct conductivity below 1uS.
Same...
From my experience, the standard material would be:
raw water (inland, river, lake, pond) - carbon steel;
raw water (brackish, estuary, sea) - 304/316/PP/PE
decationized water (after cation exchanger, strong, pH around 3-4) - PVC/PP/PE (temperature depending: PVC below 40C, PP/PE up to 80C...
Carbon dioxide (if present) would cause corrosion as well (5uS is deionized water rather than demineralized one, so I'd expect some sodium which can mask the CO2 in pH reading).
Google is your friend: use the search term: "Thermal Decomposition of 3-Methoxypropylamine
as an Alternative Amine in PWR Secondary Systems" -first link should give you the answer needed (I hope conversion from Celsius to Fahrenheit would not be a problem?)
I wolud agree with bimr in this case. If your rinsing time is long enough to eliminater dosed salt out of vessel, considering that you have no dead zone inside of the vessel itself, the source can be leaking valve or regenerant remained in the system after regen only.
Another source of the "visible horrible effluent of steam in the stack" is resulting of the Flue Gas Desulphurisation plants. Typically, SO2 formed duirng the coal combustion has to be eliminated. Among other, popular method is wet lime scrubbing. Of course, flue gas is cooled and then reheated...
bif, I have arrived into UK 2 years ago, so recently I was looking for something similar.
First, you can read the CIRIA's (www.ciria.org) C598 - "Chemical storage tank systems - good practice: Guidance on design, manufacture,installation, operation, inspection and maintenance" publication, this...
In addition to the bimr's info:
1. Use of sand is limited, and without proper sieving - you will ensure that some of the road users will be blessing you for the sand blasting and bigger stones hit effects.
2. Application of the chloride-based salts is effcient, and each can be used in liquid...
Have you noticed that the mentioned system has the "stabilizing rings" around the each ball?
I think this is the clue of that method. Without it the balls will rotate, (i.e. in case of pin pong balls) and if so, each ball will be covered by thin water film, perfectly expanding the exchange...
70-100%?!?!
In such concentration hydrazine is used as rocket fuel. Are you sure about your start concentration?
Final, dosed concentration is usually 0.5-1.5% only.
In Europe, bulk delivery is 20% max.
abcmex: use of the organic-based compounds, like DEHA, carbohydrazide is limited by the...
Cartridges replacement cost in the systems with high scaling factor can exceed the filters price within 6 mths.
Remember, that you have to clean your cartridges by the backwash only.
But the possible option can be the screen filters, i.e from Amiad.
You can clear your screens much more efficiently.
