Dear friends,
A company I have been working for is testing in the second stage of its wastewater treatment plant the use of Klaraid IC1176L (based on polyaluminium chloride) to obtain sulfate removal. The sulfate content of the influent is around 1200 ppm (mainly as calcium sulfate). Tests...
Thanks, zdas04,
The project I refer to is a new cracker within a petrochemical complex. The proposed design is to drive the main compressors with condensing steam turbines. However in the entire complex there are other companies that require process steam and so additional boilers other than...
Thanks, zdas04,
The project I refer to is a new cracker. The proposed design is to drive the main compressors with condensing steam turbines. However in the entire complex there companies that require process steam and so additional boilers beyond the furnaces steam generators are required...
Dear colleagues,
Some crackers in France employ electric driven compressors for charge gas, C3R. TOTAL plant in Gonfreville has a 35MW electric driven CGC.
Why such practice is not so widespread (except in new LNG plants and compression stations))? CAPEX only? Reliability? It seems a very...
A 213 T23 has been used in HRSG boilers, but I have no notice of A335 P23 being used for long pipes (except pipings between superheaters). Any idea why?
fabio vincent
www.figener.com.br
thanks for the answers, BigInch and zdas04
zdas04, do you think a 2 inch accumulation is a reasonable value to consider for such pipe (diameter is 600 mm) or that value is only a "might be"? Have you ever experienced such accumulation in HDPE piping operating with seawater? Can you give me any...
HDPE pipe manufacturers sustain that HDPE pipes maintain a very low rugosity even for seawater intakes and pipings (< 0.015 mm)
That sounds non-realistic to me. I was wondering if you have a better figure of the effective rugosity of HDPE pipes after some months/years of use.
The case I am...
Do you have any experience with comparing P23 and P91 for steam lines connecting boiler to turbine (400 t/h, 130 bar abs at 567oC)? Is P23 already used in certain extent? Any idea of their costs in USA or Europe or Japan($/kg)?
Thanks a lot
fabio vincent
www.figener.com.br
Is it permitted to construct the superheater coils with SA-335 P22 instead of SA-213 T22, according to ASME Section 1?
The reason for that is only availability.
Thanks a lot
regards
fabio vincent
www.figener.com.br
Have you ever used the online software of micromotion (emerson) and detected that compressible flow is not taken into account? Or am I wrong? For a general gas there is no field for cp/cv and depending upon the mass flowrate given certain pressure, density and temperature , velocity higher than...
kJ refers to the scalar work (and so energy), that is, the scalar product of two vectors: force times displacement in the same orientation or |F|.|d|.cos(teta) where teta is the angle between the two vectors.
Although J is the product of N.m, it is completely different from m.N which refers to...
bimr
Old sugar cane ethanol plants have a very small surplus of power generation (let's assume a value as high as 3,3 GJ/ha-yr). Modern ones have higher surplus (I'd say 20 GJ/ha-yr). So the question is not only the power generation but the comparison between surplus supplied to the grid which...
bimr
you probably understand the meaning of exergy and so you are able to understand that all the cumulative exergy consumption of table 28 (from Nitrogen down to seed and BOD) could be used to produce directly useful work. However you also know that part of such exergy would also be lost in...
A new link I've found brings an additional study of Patzek and Pimentel on sugar cane ethanol among other biofuel sources. Please check it
http://petroleum.berkeley.edu/papers/patzek/CRPS-BiomassPaper.pdf
In this paper the authors analyse thermodynamically the entire production cycle of sugar...
The question still is:
I - Fossil energy input for corn ethanol production > output energy as corn ethanol produced *
* according to the several sources hereabove listed
II - Fossil energy input for sugar cane ethanol production < output energy as sugar cane ethanol produced **
** according...
bimr,
Have you ever had the opportunity to check the energy balance of ethanol production derived from sugar cane? I guess you'd be surprised. The fact that corn derived ethanol is non-economical should not take you to conclude that all other sugar sources are not feasible. There is a wide gap...
