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  1. MetalsInc

    Tensile Strength units?

    N/mm2 = MPa (just for clarity) "Force" / "cross sectional area" Therefore, if every test is reported in MPa the thickness of your test specimen shouldn't matter - assuming your thickness does not affect the strength of the film. The larger the cross section, the larger the Force to break it...
  2. MetalsInc

    What's a "Hammer Test"?

    I am sitting here looking at an inspection protocol that requires a "Hammer Test" on coatings. A medium hard blow with a 1kg hammer. No flaking, chipping, spalling allowed. Highly technical.
  3. MetalsInc

    Losses In Leads

    I'm looking for a chart / table / formula to calculate the voltage and current drop in a cable. Ideally I'd like to see the effect of length and gauge of the lead. Also, I suspect that the actual values of the voltage and current will have an effect. Thoguhts?
  4. MetalsInc

    X-Ray after PWHT

    The use of RT to find cracks is troubling. It's extremely difficult. Porosity, slag inclusions, and other 3D flaws are easily findable with a well trained RT crew. I've had conversations with the local Chief Inspector and he concedes that RT is not as useful as people give it credit for. UT is...
  5. MetalsInc

    Pressure piping in Brewery Plant

    One of the most important design considerations in brewery piping is pressure relief. This can easily be accomplished on the finished product line with a pressure relief valve - similar to a tap. If designed properly this relief valve will be in the lunch room, after have run through a chiller...
  6. MetalsInc

    Heat Retention of Rubberized (Plexipave) Track surface

    There is a turf compnay that has a system that sprays a mist of water on the turf to drop the temperature. They claim a staggering temperature drop. Field hockey turfs are always wet and never have heat issues. Unfortunately football players believe that field turf is less likely to cause...
  7. MetalsInc

    How to refill a hole bored on a large casting HELP

    Keyhole welding is a PTAW method that, without knowing too much about this project, seems to be an unlikely candidate. KHW creates a very deep, narrow weld pool with a plasma jet. Great for some forms of heavy wall butt welds. I don't see it being applicable in this case. I think the solid bar...
  8. MetalsInc

    Welding/Joining thin sheets of Titanium

    Cleanliness is next to Godliness. Most of the time. For Ti, it might BE Godliness. I've had shops tell me that they can weld stainless, therefore they can weld Ti ("Ti is just really good stainless"). I always sound really happy and tell them I will be in touch..... and then call the next shop...
  9. MetalsInc

    Current Type for welding Aluminum

    Many AC machines have settings listed as "Max Cleaning" and "Max Penetration". MC is weighted more heavily to DC+ and MP more to DC-. I have been involved with studies that showed MC actually got better penetration. The balance was ~70%DC+. Theory being that the workpiece heated up as it is...
  10. MetalsInc

    Hydrogen Diffusion

    I'll grab that book tonight if possible. Can I assume that Q and Do can be found in there? If not, any direction on that. I'm looking at the AWS and ISO standards on diffusible hydrogen measurement and am curious about differences in their procedures. So I'd like to know how far hydrogen can...
  11. MetalsInc

    Hydrogen Diffusion

    I'm lookign for help evaluating the diffusion rate of hydrogen in ferritic steel (pipeline), austenitic SS (309L), and Inconel 625 as it relates to temperature. I'm looking for the formulae that describes the movement. The concern is how far hydrogen can/will move in a given time at a given...
  12. MetalsInc

    Residual Stresses

    I should have added the option of removing the inner most tube as well. So the set up would be reversed.
  13. MetalsInc

    Residual Stresses

    Yes, lots of help. I am intersted in qualitative results so you're answer is perfect for my needs... Now let me compicate it. Add a third tube on the outside of the (previously) outer material. This tube has COTE 2. So the sandwich goes 2-1-2. Same process, and the third tube (far outside) is...
  14. MetalsInc

    Residual Stresses

    Here's one I can't wrap my head around... I have two tubes of differing material, that are concentric to each other and bonded. At 2000F they are both solid and intimately bonded throughout. I now cool them to room temp... The outer material has a COTE of 1 and then inner material is 2...
  15. MetalsInc

    Centering for welding issue

    Press fitting then welding will not keep a tolerance of 0.0008" The heat will most certainly distort the piece. I agree with those who say make the ID smaller than needed and then bore it out. Hopefully it's not a very long piece to the weld. Consider the steps in fabrication to making post...
  16. MetalsInc

    Inspection Frequency

    More details. 9Cr1Mo steel. Cracking in the weld. Weld is from an E8018 electrode. We are trying to determine if the PWHT: - causes the cracking - makes the cracking visible - has no effect (ie. it was there before) The 5% inspection rate is theoretically random. All pieces are now being...
  17. MetalsInc

    Inspection Frequency

    This might be too simple for those gifted in stats. For me, not so simple. We inspect 5% of our pipe prior to PWHT. We inspect 100% of it after PWHT. The second inspect shows a defect rate of 6%. The first inspection shows a defect rate of 0%. I am looking for the probability/likelyhood that...
  18. MetalsInc

    Damaged Flange

    Ok, I hate to ask a question like this with so little detail.... but I have to as it is bugging me. Imagine a ~4"OD flange coming off a PV. Flange is about 18" long. It has been bent out of alignment. No PV welders are available. It needs to be put back into alignment. Solutions? PS- feel...
  19. MetalsInc

    weld rod

    Read AWS D1.1 5.3.1.2 (?) about storage. My advice would be to condition (bake out) the electrodes prior to use/storage. And also store them at 200C.
  20. MetalsInc

    ASME Codes : NDE PV weld examination

    Where are you located? That will help point you to a good person who can help.

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