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I will not comment on the structural issues, but as far as concrete quality is concerned, you may be interested in a joint publication of CIRIA & the Concrete Society: - Guide to the construction of reinforced concrete in the Arabian peninsular CIRIA publication C577 Concrete Society special...

I don't know if I can post the full publications on this site, but here is a brief list. If you want to know some excerps, reply to this post. Concrete Society, TR34, 2003, 148p Concrete Institute of Australia, Design of joints in concrete structures, CP24, 2005, 20p CACA Australia...

Thanks for the reference. It contains some information that I have seen in a CACA paper on concrete slabs. I'll see if I can find the reference & post it. I only work with completely restrained slabs & it appears to me that you are on the right track.

When I started work using concrete slabs, your question was one I also tried to find an answer to. Perhaps if I answer a question that you did not ask - it may open up discussion from other readers. What level of reinforcement is required in a concrete slab so that joints are not required? It...

I meant to mention in my earlier thread, that when you weld the pipe together without expansion joints, thermal forces on an empty pipe will generate about 3 to 4 times higher forces (axial) than for the pressure (water utility) forces. If the steel pipe is empty & subject to full solar...

Have a look at AWWA M11 (steel pipe design & installation) for a detailed analysis of 'local' support stresses (generally large water utility pipes). Also ASCE 79 (power penstocks) for similar (but more comprehensive) analysis & design (large power penstocks). Bednar (pressure vessels) also...

If you have a look at AWWA M11 (manual for steel pipe design & installation), table 7-1 shows that a 42" pipe can span over 70' if the plate thickness is 5/8". This assumes that you have a 'normal' saddle support of 120 degrees. With a ring girder support, the span could be increased...

The long answer is - use EPANET for the layout. EPANET is a free program that is downloadable from the net (EPA, USA web site). You can model the whole pipe system from start to finish in one go. The short answer is you can model each single pipe system (outlet) & use each result as a head...

Do a google of this site (top of this page) for 'rectangular tanks' for many threads. I think that some of them also addressed top edge stiffening.

I agree with hokie66 - you need to determine the reason for the spalling. I had a situation with concrete deterioration at the base of 35 m high HT power poles. It was the same situation that I have had on pipe support (concrete) piers. Contact with saline ground water, thermal effect of the...

In remote areas of Australia, we use a 'roaded catchment' for collection of rain water (in low rainfall agricultural areas) usually for farm dam supplies. The roaded catchment consists of a series of very shallow V shaped channels that are in parallel to each other (I hope that explains the...

hokie66 - I agree. I did assume that the support was fixed (or continuous). A 3 to 1 slab has very little support in the long direction. It usually fades away at about 1.5 to 1. My answer above really applied to rectangular tank walls (as an example of a rectangular slab). This would mean a...

Do a google (top line of this page - within the web site) for rectangular slabs. On one of these threads, look up the reference for the USBR manual for rectangular slab analysis (Moody tables). It is about 6 Meg (I think) but is a very useful reference - many proportions of slab, support...

When you say 'the PCA tables' - do you mean the 2002 PCA 'design of liquid contining concrete structures for earthquake'? By J A Munshi, 54 p, ISBN 0-89312-219-X

The USBR design book for power penstocks (ASCE manual 79) contains the complete details on designing an anchor ring - bending of the ring, bearing loads, weld stresses etc.

Whiskeytown I accessed this site by accident the other night, so I was not waiting in anticipation for your query (it was a coincidence). Perhaps I had a premonition? Most of our pumping mains are about 1 m/s (3 fps) & the exit velocity is sufficient for tank mixing. We did not test slower...

Looks good to me. What surprised us on testing (of actual tanks), was that with a configuration similar to your sketch, induced the whole tank contents to move in a circular direction. That's the expected result. But after a considerable period after the pump was turned off, the contents were...

I agree with RWF7437 - it depends on what type of reservoir. In some parts of my country, a reservoir is an above ground steel tank (sometimes conc or PSC). In other parts, a reservoir is an excavated basin in soil, & lined with a layer of concrete (usually 150 mm thick). Depths from 10 to 15...

I checked with out with our mech & elec people & they offerred the following: - Most of our artesian bores are 600 to 700 m deep. Casing 350 mm GRP. Sub pumps 250 to 300 dia. Screens 200 mm dia. Artesian bores are now sub surface water levels. >30 m, sub pumps are generally cheaper. Maintenance...

I'm civil/struct, not mech, so I have only had an academic interest in the bores. I will try to find out tomorrow from the mech & elec people - it should not take too long. I'll probably post some info in the next day or two. If you a interested further, I will try to send you the contact...