Dear ema
1° COD in range 20 - 40 mg/l typically stands for a TOC of 5 - 10 mg/l. This is -/+ the lower limit for reliable TOC-concentration measurement. Wheater or not a TOC-analyser is able to do the job in your application, depends mainly on the rest of the waste water. Check with a supplier...
Dear exti
Being a water treatment specialist and not an plating professional, I can give you only rough and partial answers to your questions.
I prefer to give you some adresses of companies who developped and eventually can supply such a process :
- Siemens Europe (in house development)
- L...
What is your need ?
The COD analysis procedure requires chemical destruction of the organic material, and this takes some time. The standard method requires 2 h; using more aggresive chemicals, some suppliers can do faster, e.g. 15 - 30 min, depending on the type and composition of the organic...
Please give more details on your needs (flow, sulphate-concentration, other substances to be removed from this water, final use and desired specs after treatment)
Some rules of thumb:
Barium works, but is generally not recommended:
- cost
- potential environmental burden of water with traces...
Dear all
THERE IS AN ALTERNATIVE TO PRECIPITATION AND TO FINAL TREATMENT !
Why ?
1) The alternative is probably financially more attractive
2) All proposed methods solve only the environmental burden of Nickel but ignore the environmental effects of EDTA. Once released into surface water...
Burning sulfur just for energy (and wasting the SO2 to the air) is environmentally foolish.
It is also wasting the money of your company. Sulfur should be sold to chemical industry (for making sulfuric acid); the profits should be much higher than the value of energy in the sulfur.
Dear pardal
The typical term for this application is "Trickling filter". Using this word in a search-engine, will allow you to find suppliers and background material for the proces you are describing.
Regards
