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  • Users: KenAlmon
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  1. KenAlmon

    Electrical Aluminum DC Busbars - Joint Coating of silver, tin or nickel

    Just wondering if there is any consensus on approved coatings for subject busbars handling 7000+Adc? Specifiers and suppliers from Europe tend to use nickel per ISO 4526/4527 as a plating material. North American suppliers tend to supply tin or silver as the recommended choice, although I have...
  2. KenAlmon

    Switchgear Vibration

    I am at a new construction 500 MW power plant where the various pumps, fans and other rotating equipment are going through their initial runs. The 13.8 kV and 6.9 kV switchgear is located on the 9 m elevation on an 8" (I believe) reinforced concrete slab. Several (but not all) switchgear units...
  3. KenAlmon

    Stub Bus Protection

    We have a 500 kV switchyard with a ring bus. The 500 MW generator feeds through a GSU to a 500 kV disconnect into the ring. We have a CT on the primary of the GSU and one each at the breaker. My understanding is that the differential being used is not protecting when the disconnect is open...
  4. KenAlmon

    VLF Testing of Generator

    We have a 546 MW, 22 kV generator that was factory tested using DC hipot at 45 kV with good results. The plant I am at presently was wondering whether using a VLF test set as the baseline field measurement would be better than repeating the DC test at site (albeit at a lower "field" value). I...
  5. KenAlmon

    Static Bonds on Drums

    We had an incident at a client of ours where they were transferring Toluene from a drum to a smaller container. The containers were grounded, but a spark ended up causing a small fire. Thankfully injury to the worker was not significant, but he did suffer 2nd degree burns on his arm...
  6. KenAlmon

    Copper content in Marine Aluminum Electrical Fittings

    I have read in many suppliers sites/catalogues about the role copper plays in aluminum electrical equipment. Most of the time, manufacturers take great pride in identifying that they have no more than 0.1%, 0.4% or 1.5% copper in their aluminum products (typically cast, not forged). Can you...
  7. KenAlmon

    Hazardous Area Junction Boxes

    Where an area is classified as Cl 1, Zone 2, do the junction boxes that have only terminals need to have a certification rating on the box? Will the box be any different than a box in the same service in an unclassified area, except that perhaps the manufacturer may omit the label indicating...
  8. KenAlmon

    PD Pump Low Speed Operation Motor Stall

    We have a PD Pump that we are just commissioning. The pump is intended to boost pressure for a Meg line from 14 MPa to approx 17 MPa. The turndown is supposed to be 10-1. The Variable Speed Drive has been programmed for 6-60Hz operation. The high pressure to provide suction to the pump is...
  9. KenAlmon

    Thermocouple terminal block errors

    Can anyone advise of what the error would be on a Type K thermocouple that is measuring flame temp on a flare tower where Type K extension leads are used all the way to the host comntroller located in the control room. At this point the extension leads go through a pair of ordinary SAK type...
  10. KenAlmon

    IP Ratings - How many gland thread turns?

    I am aware of the IP ratings of electrical or instrumentation boxes. I am also aware that in order to maintain the rating, any gland entrances have to have a similar (or higher) rating. For example, a Hawke gland with an IP66 rating can be put in an IP66 box and the rating maintained. An IP66...
  11. KenAlmon

    Breathers and Drains in Hazardous Areas

    Can anyone enlighten me as to the way that breathers and drains can be installed in hazardous areas without compromising boxes that were otherwise sealed? Is it acceptable to install a drain and breather in an XP box? How do they work? Any references on websites would be appreciated. Thanks Ken
  12. KenAlmon

    Carseal Origins

    Does anyone know where the origin of the term "carseal" (whether it is one or two words is unknown) comes from? As in carsealing a valve open. Thanks Ken Almon
  13. KenAlmon

    Bonding of Glands - star washer vs earth tag

    Our offshore gas platform uses a large number of brass cable glands. The cables are braided armour. The glands are designed to bond the armour. What is the experience of others with respect to bonding these glands to ground? To start the discussion, there are a couple of options being looked...
  14. KenAlmon

    Corrosion Inhibitor on Ground Connections

    I was wondering if anyone out there had experience with application of corrosion inhibitors on ground connections. There appear to be two main areas: one being to prevent the bolt from corroding and the other area to assure electrical continuity across two faces. The issue that I raise is...
  15. KenAlmon

    CT Ratio Test

    I have just worked a job site where the requirement was to ratio test the CT's at a number of test currents (400:5 A CT, tested at 100, 200, 300, and 400 A primary current). I am familiar with testing CT's for ratio for different taps, but only 1 point per tap. Does anyone know of this...
  16. KenAlmon

    Spelling "Misteaks"

    Oftentimes I am confronted with words that just don't look right. References to various dictionaries often don't help. Just wondering whether there is a consensus for: 1. plural of bus - busses or buses (I tend to use busbars!) 2. time current curves that don't work resulting in...
  17. KenAlmon

    Advantages of Parallel TX Operation

    In considering operating a double ended substation (2 x 100% rated TX) with the tie breaker closed, one of the obvious considerations are fault levels. However, another consideration is reliability relating to "survivability" for the process in this mode. For common faults, such as a...
  18. KenAlmon

    Instrument and Cable Grounding

    Where an instrument is supplied by a 24 Vdc, 2 wire cable, and information from the device is sent back over those two wires (as in a 4-20 mA loop for a temperature transmitter, or perhaps a digital "Profibus" signal), is there a code requirement for an equipment grounding conductor...
  19. KenAlmon

    Transformer Inrush on Offshore Generators

    My question relates to the pick up of a transformer. The transformer would be an unloaded, un-energized dry-type transformer with the following characteristics, (as supplied to me by the TX vendor): - 3750/5000 kVA - 4.16 kV - 600 V - 7.5% impedance (on base rating) (0.71 + j7.47%) -...
  20. KenAlmon

    Standard Generator Testing

    We bought a 500 kW diesel powered brushless generator to serve in a standby capacity specified under ANSI/IEEE standards. Our spec had testing requirements including heat run, no load and full load loss measurements, as well as insulation testing, resistance measurements, and open circuit and...

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